Review of Various Cementitious Materials and Combinations for the Development of Ternary Cement Concrete

Abstract

Over the past few decades, tremendous growth and revolution have been observed in the construction field, which has increased the use of cement as a main constituent in concrete. Now a days, the world is aware of environmental pollution and looking for environmentally friendly materials, which has accelerated the rate of research in the field of environmentally friendly materials with an emphasis on the utilisation of industrial wastes. Concrete, which is basically made of Portland cement, aggregates, and water, is perhaps the most flexible development material. In its current form, it has been utilised to some extent or totally in many constructions over the past few centuries. Cement has good binding properties, excellent strength, and high durability, though it has environmental hazards as it generates carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide during its manufacturing. In order to reduce the hazards of cement, its content should be minimised in concrete, which has to be replaced with some efficient cementitious materials like metakaolin and fly ash. Both materials are industrial byproducts, and using those materials in turn will lead to the effective use of industrial waste.