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Understanding the Impact of Drugs on Cadmium Toxicity

Muralinath E., Pooja Devi, Prasanta Chbukdhara, Sanjib Borah, Kalyan C., Archana Jain, Guruprasad M.

Abstract


Cadmium is a heavy metal that exhibits significant health risks to humans and the environment. Exposure to cadmium can happen via different sources such as air, contaminated water and food. An accumulation of cadmium in tissues vand organs result in toxix effects. Chelation theory Is linked to the administration of chelating agents that bind to heavy metals namely cadmium and form complex compounds vthat can be eliminated from the body. DMSA (di mercantile succinic acid) and DMPS (2,3 mercpato _1_propane sulfonic acid ) are examples of chelating agents that result in a reduction of cadmium levels particularly in the body. These drugs enhance the excretion of cadmium through the Urine. Cadmium enhances oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in cellular damage. Antioxidants namely N_acetyl cysteine (NAC) and vitamin C combat cadmium _ induced oxidative stress. These compounds assist in neutralizing ROS, thereby decreasing toxic effects of cadmium in cells and tissues. Calcium channel blockers regulate intra cellular calcium channels and inhibit cadmium induced cellular damage. Turmeric consists of curcumin that counteract the harmful effects if cadmium. Metallothionein behave as cyto protective agents against cadmium toxicity. Finally it is concerned that anti-oxidants, calcium channel blockers. Chelation therapy, meyallothionein inducers and phyto chemicals exhibit vavenues especially for potential therapeutic interventions.


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