Advances in Drug Therapy for Cardiac Heart Failure

Abstract

Cardiac Heart Failure (CHF) is manifested by the hearts inability regarding pumping of blood in an efficient manner. Angiotensin_ converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors namely enalapril and lisinopril are involved in managing heart failure. These drugs stop the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II a potent vasoconstrictor. ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure, alleviate strain on the heart and enhance COP. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) such as losartan and Valsartan perform their activities blocking the effects of angiotensin II at the receptor level. Beta blockers namely carvedilol and metoprolol are helpful regarding heart failure treatment. Diuretics namely furosenamide and spironolactone play a role in managing fluid retention in heart failure patients. Diuretics play a major role in decreasing symptoms such as dyspnea and edema. Spironolactone, a potassium sparing diuretic exhibit anti_ aldosterone effect. Aldosterone antagonists namely spironolactone and eplerenone block aldosterone receptors and decrease sodium and water retention while minimizing potassium loss. Inotropic agents such as dioxin enhances Cardiac contractility and decreases heart rate, resulting in increased Cardiac output ( COP ). Sacubitril, Vallarta play a role in treating heart failure. Neprilysin inhibition increases the levels of beneficial peptides and vasodilataion along with reduction of fibrosis. Ivabradline decreases the funny current (IF) in the sino atrial node and decreases heart rate. Finally it is concluded that a variety of drugs target different aspects of the disease.