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Prolonging Intensive Care Unit Stays After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass : Assessment of Risk Factors at University of Benin Teaching Hospital

Blackie O.H., Edebiri O.E., Ifiabor L.W., Azunna U., Omorodion T, Agidigbi S., Ehiakhamen D.O.

Abstract


Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has advanced significantly, yet prolonged stays in the intensive care unit (ICU) after such surgeries remain a critical concern due to increased healthcare costs, resource strain, and heightened risk of complications. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with long ICU stays in patients after cardiac surgery with CP Bat the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, using a census sampling technique among 50 healthcare workers inthe hospital’s cardiac ICU. Data were collected through a structured, validated questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results revealed that patient-specific factors, including advancedage, comorbidities, obesity, poor nutritional status, and reduced functional capacity,significantlycontribute to prolonged ICU stays.Additionally, postoperative complications such as respiratory issues, infections, acute kidney injury, bleeding, and arrhythmias were major determinants ofextended ICU admissions. In order to enhance outcomes and shorten ICU stays, the study's recommendations stress the need of preoperative patient optimization, early mobilization, adherence to standardized treatment procedures, and multidisciplinary team methods. According to the study's findings, early risk factor identification and treatment can improve recovery, lower medical expenses, and maximize the use of intensive care unit resources.It is advised that more study be done to examine strategies that can successfully reduce the length of stay in the intensive care unit following heart surgery.


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