Effect of Tilt Angle on Power Output of Solar Photovoltaic Systems

Abstract

The performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems depends on many factors, among which the tilt angle of solar panels is one of the most important parameters that significantly influences the amount of incident solar radiation captured. Identifying the optimal tilt angle is essential for maximising energy generation in renewable energy power plants. This study presents a performance analysis of solar PV power output under varying tilt angle conditions using real-time solar irradiance data obtained from the NASA POWER Data Portal for Bengaluru, India. The solar power output was calculated for tilt angles of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, and 50° using a standard photovoltaic power equation. The average annual power output corresponding to each tilt angle was computed and compared to determine the most effective tilt angle for locations such as Bengaluru. The results indicate that a tilt angle of 0° generates the maximum average annual power output for the selected geographical location. The study highlights the importance of optimal panel tilt angle in maximising solar energy generation in renewable energy power plants.