Two-Dimensional-Material Membranes: A Review

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, characterized by their atomic-scale thickness, have emerged as promising candidates for membrane applications. This study explores the synthesis, fabrication, and performance of membranes composed of 2D materials, with a focus on applications in filtration and separation processes. Key 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), are investigated for their unique properties. The research encompasses the scalable synthesis of 2D materials and their integration into membranes through various fabrication techniques. Advanced characterization methods, such as spectroscopy and microscopy, are employed to assess the structural integrity and quality of the resulting membranes. The mechanical strength, conductivity, and permeability of these membranes are systematically studied to understand their potential for practical applications.