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The Ameliorating Effect of The Velvet Tamarind (Icheku) Fruit Pulp of Ethanol Extraction on Some Gastrointestinal Functions in Adult Wistar Rats
Abstract
Velvet tamarind is used in folk medicine for the management of gastrointestinal disease. In this study, the effect of the fruit pulp extract on some gastrointestinal function prepared from the fruit pulp was subjected to analysis and the acute toxicity (LD50) evaluated rates. The effects on gastrointestinal function were studied in different experimental groups of the animals. In the first section, 20 adult Wistar rats assigned to four (4) groups of five (5) rats each wewe studied. Group one served as control while group 2, 3, and 4 were treated with 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg of the extract via oral route respectively. After 28 days of treatment , the body weight changes, Liver function parameters, bile secretion, bile electrolytes and extractable mucus were determined respectively. In the second phase of the experiment, the effects of the extract on gastrointestinal motility (invivo) were determined. Twenty five (25) rats were assigned to five (5) groups of 5 rats each, group one which served as control received 0.2ml of Normal saline while group 2, 3, 4, and 5 received Loperamide (0.4mg/kg), 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg of the extract respectively. After thirty (30) minute, 1ml of activated charcoal was given orally to each of the animal respectively. The animals were sacrificed after thirty (30) minutes to determined the distance travelled by the charcoal meal, hence GIT motility. The third phase of the studied carried out was on the healing effects of ulcer wears, hence the determination of antioxidants constituents of the extracts. Another sets of twenty five (25) Animals grouped into five groups of five animals, with group one as control while group 2, 3, 4 served as test groups respectively. The control received Normal saline where as the respective groups were pre-treated with the extracts as in phase two above . Results of the study showed abundance phytochemicals present in the extracts. The LD50 showed a value above 5000mg/kg. The body weight changes were not statistically significant (P>0.05) but Bile sections, electrolytes were significantly high (P>0.05) though dose dependent. The results of GIT motility showed significant decreased with increased amelioration in ulcer wounds. The extractable mucus weight was also statistically significant (P<0.05). The use of velvet tamarind extracts might be of value in the management of gastrointestinal abnormality as earlier claimed by the unorthodox folk traditional medicine healers.
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