A Review on IoT-Based Biometric Authorization and Monitoring System for Secure Equipment Using Fingerprint Authentication

Abstract

The rapid adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has increased the demand for secure, intelligent, and remotely monitored access control systems across industrial, institutional, and research environments. Conventional authentication methods, such as mechanical keys, passwords, and RFID cards, are susceptible to theft, duplication, and unauthorized access, thereby compromising security. Recent advancements in biometric authentication have demonstrated that fingerprint-based systems offer improved reliability, accuracy, and user convenience for access control applications . This project proposes an IoT-Based Biometric Authorization and Monitoring System Using Fingerprint Authentication that integrates an ESP32 microcontroller, fingerprint sensor, GPS module, servo motor, Firebase cloud database, and a web-based dashboard. The system authenticates users through fingerprint verification and records every authentication attempt, including successful and unsuccessful access events, along with timestamps and GPS coordinates. These records are securely stored in the cloud and displayed through a centralized dashboard for real-time monitoring and audit purposes. The proposed solution aims to improve accountability, traceability, and operational transparency while providing a scalable and cost-effective platform for secure equipment authorization. The modular architecture also supports future enhancements such as multi-factor authentication, AI-based anomaly detection, encrypted communication, and advanced analytics, making it suitable for various secure access applications.