Intelligent Adaptive Traffic Management System

Abstract

Traffic congestion at road intersections is increasing due to the growing number of vehicles. Most existing traffic signals operate on fixed timing, where each road receives the same green duration regardless of traffic load. This often causes unnecessary delays and fuel wastage. This project presents a real-time adaptive traffic control system using ESP32 and camera-based vehicle detection. A camera captures live images of the junction, and the YOLO algorithm is used to count vehicles on each lane. The signal timing is then adjusted dynamically, giving priority to the road with higher vehicle density.

An emergency priority feature is also included. When an ambulance approaches, the system immediately provides a green signal for that route. The proposed system improves traffic flow and reduces waiting time at intersections.