Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

A Low Cost Hybrid Energy Drive System for EV Applications

Peter K. Abraham, Jayan Namboodiry, Dolly Mary

Abstract


In this paper a low cost and reliable battery/ultra capacitor hybrid energy drive system is proposed for a PM BLDC Motor to recover and utilize the regenerative braking energy more effectively. The proposed system is such that the inertial energy associated with the BLDC motor at the time of braking is used to charge an ultra-capacitor through a buck converter in current controlled mode. The deceleration of the BLDC motor at braking times can be controlled by varying the charging current of the ultra-capacitor. The harvested energy in the ultra-capacitor when reaches a certain specified value, is used to drive the motor in series with the battery. A novel Soft switching technique is used to connect the ultra-capacitor module in series with the battery to avoid high current switching’s. Since no converter is used between the battery and ultra-capacitor, this system is very reliable and efficient. To validate the dynamic performance at different conditions the proposed system simulated and tested using Simulink model. The results confirm the high capability of the proposed system. At last it is verified that the proposed method is reliable for practical implementation.

 

Keywords: Hybrid energy drive system (HEDS), regenerative braking system(RBS), hybrid driving mode(HDM), battery driving mode(BDM), hybrid energy storage system(HESS), BLDC motor, buck converter, Ultracapacitor, Soft switching technique.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Society of India Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM) (2017) White paper on electric vehicles adopting pure electric vehicles: key policy enablers. http://www.siam.in/uploads/filemanager/114SIAM.White Paper on Elec- tric Vehicles. pdf.

Nian, X., Peng, F., & Zhang, H. (2014). Regenerative braking system of electric vehicle driven by brushless DC motor. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(10), 5798-5808.

Grbović, P. J., Delarue, P., Le Moigne, P., & Bartholomeus, P. (2010). The ultracapacitor-based controlled electric drives with braking and ride-through capability: Overview and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(3), 925-936.

Lee, H. W., Kim, T. H., & Ehsani, M. (2003, November). Power density maximization of the brushless dc generator. In IECON'03. 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IEEE Cat. No. 03CH37468) (Vol. 3, pp. 2162-2166). IEEE.

Naseri, F., Farjah, E., & Ghanbari, T. (2016). An efficient regenerative braking system based on battery/supercapacitor for electric, hybrid, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles with BLDC motor. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 66(5), 3724-3738.

Lukic, S. M., Cao, J., Bansal, R. C., Rodriguez, F., & Emadi, A. (2008). Energy storage systems for automotive applications. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, 55(6), 2258-2267.

Kötz, R., & Carlen, M. J. E. A. (2000). Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors. Electrochimica acta, 45(15-16), 2483-2498.

Ortúzar, M., Moreno, J., & Dixon, J. (2007). Ultracapacitor-based auxiliary energy system for an electric vehicle: Implementation and evaluation. IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, 54(4), 2147-2156.

Lhomme, W., Delarue, P., Barrade, P., Bouscayrol, A., & Rufer, A. (2005, October). Design and control of a supercapacitor storage system for traction applications. In Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Industry Applications Conference, 2005. (Vol. 3, pp. 2013-2020). IEEE.

Gao, L., Dougal, R. A., & Liu, S. (2005). Power enhancement of an actively controlled battery/ultracapacitor hybrid. IEEE transactions on power electronics, 20(1), 236-243.

Zhang, Q., & Li, G. (2019). A predictive energy management system for hybrid energy storage systems in electric vehicles. Electrical Engineering, 101(3), 759-770.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.