Secure Communication in Black Hole Attack for MANET using Hybrid Protocol

Abstract

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are a subset of wireless ad-hoc networks that typically consist of an end-to-end Link Layer (LL) ad-hoc network with a routable networking environment. Whereas mobile networks have a central controller, MANETs are hop-to-hop, self-arrangement, and self-configured networks. Because ad-hoc networks have unique vulnerabilities that these IDS solutions cannot address, the solutions might not always be adequate. Un-forward capacity nodes are one of the primary attack types in the network. They pose as intermediate nodes of a route to specific targets and drop any packet that passes through them. The mechanism is cooperative, so the protocol cooperates to analyze and detect malicious nodes in MANETs in a reliable way. In this paper, they propose black-hole attacks as an analysis method to detect malicious nodes. In order to validate our developed scheme, we used the Modified-Zone based Hierarchical Link State (M-ZHLS) hybrid routing protocol with mobile nodes in Network Simulations 2 (NS2). When mobility speed and topology size change, it is found that the Zone based Hierarchical Link State (ZHLS) routing protocol has a very good detection rate for black holes and malicious nodes, a lower average delay, and an increased packet delivery ratio.