Bio-active Compounds and Medicinal Potential of Ashoka Tree: A Scientific Review

Abstract

The Ashoka tree, is also scientifically called Saraca asoca (Roxb. ex DC.), is a known plant in traditional Indian medicine and culture. It belongs to the Caesalpinioideae subfamily within the Fabaceae family. This evergreen shrub is native to Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Morphologically, the Ashoka tree is recognized by its dark green, pinnately compound leaves, densely arranged hanging branches, and a straight, column-like trunk. The tree is particularly notable for its bright orange-red flower clusters, which form dense corymbs and typically bloom between February and April. The flowers are zygomorphic and bisexual, producing abundant nectar and relying on insect pollination, which plays a significant role in its reproductive process.