Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Issues of Concern, Substrates of Gluconeogenesis, Control as well as Function of Gluconeogenesis, Pathophysiology and Clinical Significance of Gluconeogenesis

Muralinath E., Guruprasad M., Madhavi Latha C., Sheethal U., Vyshnavi J., Varsha V., Prathysha M.V.S., Karthik Jayanyj Y.

Abstract


The brain, eye, and kidney are some of the organs that have glucose as the sole metabolic fuel source. Prolonged fasting or vigorous exercise depletes glycogen stores, making the body switch to de-novo glucose synthesis to regulate blood levels of this monosaccharide. Gluconeogenesis is the process that permits the body to form glucose from non-hexose precursors, especially glycerol, lactate, pyruvate, propionate, and glucogenic amino acids.

 


Full Text:

PDF

References


Zhang, X., Yang, S., Chen, J., & Su, Z. (2018). Unraveling the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 9, 802. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00802

Chung, S. T., Chacko, S. K., Sunehag, A. L., & Haymond, M. W. (2015). Measurements of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis: A methodological review. Diabetes, 64(12), 3996–4010. https://doi.org/10.2337/db15-0640

da Silva, I. V., Rodrigues, J. S., Rebelo, I., Miranda, J. P. G., & Soveral, G. (2018). Revisiting the metabolic syndrome: The emerging role of aquaglyceroporins. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 75(11), 1973–1988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-018-2766-4

Sharma, A., Davis, A., & Shekhawat, P. S. (2017). Hypoglycemia in the preterm neonate: Etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and long-term outcomes. Translational Pediatrics, 6(4), 335–348. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp.2017.10.01

Bankir, L., Bouby, N., Speth, R. C., Velho, G., & Crambert, G. (2018). Glucagon revisited: Coordinated actions on the liver and kidney. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 146, 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.10.015

Droppelmann, C. A., Sáez, D. E., Asenjo, J. L., Yáñez, A. J., García-Rocha, M., Concha, I. I., Grez, M., Guinovart, J. J., & Slebe, J. C. (2015). A new level of regulation in gluconeogenesis: Metabolic state modulates the intracellular localization of aldolase B and its interaction with liver fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Biochemical Journal, 472(2), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20150604

Borrebaek, B., Bremer, J., Davis, E. J., Davis-Van Thienen, W., & Singh, B. (1984). The effect of glucagon on the carbon flux from palmitate into glucose, lactate and ketone bodies studied with isolated hepatocytes. International Journal of Biochemistry, 16(7), 841–844. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-711X(84)90073-1

Honma, K., Kamikubo, M., Mochizuki, K., & Goda, T. (2017). Insulin-induced inhibition of gluconeogenesis genes, including glutamic pyruvic transaminase 2, is associated with reduced histone acetylation in a human liver cell line. Metabolism, 71, 118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.03.003

Sarabhai, T., & Roden, M. (2019). Hungry for your alanine: When liver depends on muscle proteolysis. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 129(11), 4563–4566. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI131229

Hatazawa, Y., Qian, K., Gong, D. W., & Kamei, Y. (2018). PGC-1α regulates alanine metabolism in muscle cells. PLOS ONE, 13(1), e0190904. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190904

Bali, D. S., El-Gharbawy, A., Austin, S., Pendyal, S., & Kishnani, P. S. (2006). Glycogen storage disease type I. In M. P. Adam et al. (Eds.), GeneReviews®. University of Washington, Seattle. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1312/

Hundal, R. S., Krssak, M., Dufour, S., Laurent, D., Lebon, V., Chandramouli, V., Inzucchi, S. E., Schumann, W. C., Petersen, K. F., Landau, B. R., & Shulman, G. I. (2000). Mechanism by which metformin reduces glucose production in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, 49(12), 2063–2069. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2063


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.