Smart and Intelligent Cockpit Systems of Cars - A Review

Abstract

The evolution of modern transportation has brought significant advancements in driver assistance, con- nectivity, and user experience, leading to the development of Smart and Intelligent Cockpit Systems. These systems go beyond traditional cockpit functionalities by integrating artificial intelligence (AI), human–machine interaction (HMI), biometric recognition, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), cloud computing, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The intelligent cockpit acts as a centralized ecosystem that ensures real-time communication between the driver, vehicle, passengers, and external infrastructure, thereby enhancing safety, comfort, personalization, and operational efficiency. This research paper explores the core features, technologies, functions, advantages, disadvantages, challenges, applications, and future scope of intelligent cockpit systems. Key findings indicate that intelligent cockpits provide numerous benefits such as improved safety through driver monitoring, increased energy efficiency in electric vehicles, and immersive in- fotainment experiences. However, challenges such as high costs, cybersecurity risks, system complexity, and regulatory barriers must be addressed for large-scale adoption. The study concludes that intelligent cockpit systems will play a pivotal role in the era of autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and sustainable mobility, transforming vehicle interiors into adaptive, intelligent, and user-centered environments.