Virtual Mouse Using Computer Vision

Abstract

Traditional computer systems rely heavily on physical input devices such as a mouse and keyboard for interaction. While these devices are effective, they present several limitations including hardware dependency, wear and tear, hygiene concerns in shared environments, and limited accessibility for physically challenged users. Additionally, in smart environments and touchless systems, the use of physical peripherals becomes inconvenient. These issues arise mainly due to the dependence on mechanical hardware and direct human contact. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes a Virtual Mouse system using computer vision technology. The system utilizes a webcam to capture real-time video and applies hand landmark detection algorithms to recognize specific finger gestures. These gestures are mapped to mouse operations such as cursor movement, left click, right click, scrolling, and drag-and-drop. The proposed solution eliminates the need for physical contact and reduces hardware dependency. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the system achieves high gesture recognition accuracy with minimal latency under standard lighting conditions, providing an efficient, low-cost, and touchless alternative to conventional input devices and contributing to modern human–computer interaction systems.