Electrocardiogram Patterns Prevalence Amongts Cardiovascular Risk Individuals With Various Diseases Visiting the Electrocardiogram Unit Of Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Abia State

Abstract

Men between age 40 to 70 years who were having early repolarization pattern were associated with an increased risk of cardiac death by 2.65 fold and that early repolarization potential (ERP) localized to the bottom of the heart (inferior localization) was associated with an increased risk of cardiac death among males and females by more than 3 fold and among men by more than 4fold in this age group. The aim of this study is to examine the electrocardiography patterns prevalence amongst Cardiovascular risk individuals with various diseases visiting the electrocardiography unit of federal Medical center Umuahia, Abia state. 368 subjects were recruited for this study, The ECG of the subjects were recorded and all the information of the patient and clinical presentations noted. The 12-lead ECG of was analyzed by subjecting it to Minnesota coding: Coronary probable (certainly diagnostic of myocardial infarction/coronary artery disease) included all those coded 1.1 and 1.2 (large Q and QS waves) and 7.1 (complete LBBB). Coronary possible (likely, but not certainly myocardial infarction eg angina pectoris) included those coded 1-3 (small Q- waves), 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 (S-T segment abnormalities), and 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 (T-wave abnormalities). All other codings are regarded as normal. Another form of classification of “Ischaemic ECG” was defined as pathological Q waves (any Code 1); S-T segment and / or T wave inversion of any degree (any Code 7.1.1). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were defined as a combination of high voltage and either S-T segment depression or T-wave inversion, again on the basis of appropriate Minnesota Codes, but the former was used in this study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical windows version 16.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The statistical association between males and females were considered significant whenever the p value was less than 0.05..It was observe between the age range of 41 to 50, the males had the highest ECG abnormalities with 66.7% and females had 33.3% (p= 0.6985). and between the age range of 51 to 60, 60.9% of the ECG abnormalities were found among the females and 39.1% in the males (p= 0.2704). Meanwhile, subjects of age group 61 to 70 years who were more males (51.1%) than females (48.9%) with diseases. Those with hypertensive heart disease 17 (37.8%) with equal ECG abnormalities among the male and females (p = 1) and 8.9% with ischemic heart disease with 66.7% males and 33.3% females while 80% of males had ECG abnormalities while females had 20% (p = 0.0032). the males of this age group are possibly at greater risk of sudden cardiac death.