Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

An Impact of Drugs on Skin as well as Mucous Membrane : A Comprehensive Report

Sony Sharlet E., Muralinath E., Mohan Naidu K., Srinivas Prasad, Jayinder Paul Singh. G., Panjan Ghosh. P., Kalyan C., Archana Jain, Guruprasad M., Ramanjaneyulu D. V.

Abstract


When thinking of skin disease, cancer comes up almost immediately as an example. While the American Cancer Society lists 6 major cancer types, reflecting the variety of skin problems in dermatology, the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases has identified 13 major benign skin disorders. This book chapter gives an information regarding different types  of  skin cancer, diagnosis  and  treatment.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Hussein, H.A.M.; Okafor, I.B.; Walker, L.R.; Abdel-Raouf, U.M.; Akula, S.M. Cellular and viral oncogenes: The key to unlocking unknowns of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus pathogenesis. Arch. Virol. 2018, 163, 2633–2643. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Claudel, J.P.; Auffret, N.; Leccia, M.T.; Poli, F.; Dréno, B. Acne and nutrition: Hypotheses, myths and facts. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2018, 32, 1631–1637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Karadağ, A.S.; Balta, İ.; Saricaoğlu, H. The effect of personal, familial, and environmental characteristics on acne vulgaris: A prospective, multicenter, case controlled study. G. Ital. Dermatol. Venereol. 2019, 154, 177–185. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Bakry, O.; Shoeib, M.; Soliman, S.; Kamal, L. Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor-1 Genotyping in Acne Vulgaris. Skin Pharmacol. Physiol. 2021, 34, 51–56. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Heng, A.H.S.; Say, Y.H.; Sio, Y.Y.; Ng, Y.T.; Chew, F.T. Gene variants associated with acne vulgaris presentation and severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med. Genom. 2021, 14, 103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Ibrahim, A.A.; Salem, R.M.; El-Shimi, O.S.; Baghdady, S.M.A.; Hussein, S. IL1A (-889) gene polymorphism is associated with the effect of diet as a risk factor in Acne Vulgaris. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2019, 18, 333–336. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Teder-Laving, M.; Kals, M.; Reigo, A. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel loci conferring risk of acne vulgaris. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 2023, 31, 1–8, Erratum in Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 2023. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Fujii, H.; Endo, Y.; Dainichi, T. Predictive factors of response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy in patients with alopecia areata: A follow-up study of 105 Japanese patients. J. Dermatol. 2019, 46, 522–525. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Jacobsen, E.W.; Pedersen, O.B.; Andorsdóttir, G.; Jemec, G.B.E.; Bryld, L.E. Family recurrence risk of alopecia areata in the Faroe Islands. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2019, 44, e224–e229. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Moravvej, H.; Tabatabaei-Panah, P.S.; Abgoon, R. Genetic variant association of PTPN22, CTLA4, IL2RA, as well as HLA frequencies in susceptibility to alopecia areata. Immunol. Investig. 2018, 47, 666–679. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Kinoshita- Ise, M.; Martinez-Cabriales, S.A.; Alhusayen, R. Chronological association between alopecia areata and autoimmune thyroid diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Dermatol. 2019, 46, 702–709. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Tsakok, T.; Woolf, R.; Smith, C.H.; Weidinger, S.; Flohr, C. Atopic dermatitis: The skin barrier and beyond. Br. J. Dermatol. 2019, 180, 464–474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Ho, C.L.; Chang, L.I.; Wu, W.F. The prevalence and risk factors of atopic dermatitis in 6-8 year-old first graders in Taipei. Pediatr. Neonatol. 2019, 60, 166–171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Belugina, I.N.; Yagovdik, N.Z.; Belugina, O.S.; Belugin, S.N. Outdoor environment, ozone, radionuclide-associated aerosols and incidences of infantile eczema in Minsk, Belarus. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2018, 32, 1977–1985. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Nishijima, H.; Suzuki, S.; Kondo, K.; Yamasoba, T.; Yanagimoto, S. Environmental factors associated with allergic rhinitis symptoms in Japanese university students: A cross-sectional. Auris Nasus Larynx 2018, 45, 1006–1013, Erratum in Auris Nasus Larynx 2019, 46, 485. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Prodinger, C.; Bauer, J.W.; Laimer, M. Translational perspectives to treat Epidermolysis bullosa-Where do we stand? Exp. Dermatol. 2020, 29, 1112–1122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Bütikofer, L.; Varisco, P.A.; Distler, O. ACE inhibitors in SSc patients display a risk factor for scleroderma renal crisis-a EUSTAR analysis. Arthritis Res. Ther. 2020, 22, 59. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Hesselstrand, R.; Scheja, A.; Wuttge, D.M. Scleroderma renal crisis in a Swedish systemic sclerosis cohort: Survival, renal outcome, and RNA polymerase III antibodies as a risk factor. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 2012, 41, 39–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Chaudhary, P.; Chen, X.; Assassi, S. Cigarette smoking is not a risk factor for systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011, 63, 3098–3102. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Fawzy, M.M.; Hammad, N.M.; Sharaf, A.L.; Khattab, F. Hepatitis C virus infection could be a risk factor for adult-onset vitiligo in Egyptian patients: A cross-sectional study. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 2022, 21, 4983–4989. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Al- Harthi, F.; Zouman, A.; Arfin, M.; Tariq, M.; Al-Asmari, A. Tumor necrosis factor-α and -β genetic polymorphisms as a risk factor in Saudi patients with vitiligo. Genet. Mol. Res. 2013, 12, 2196–2204. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Thompson, A.R.; Eleftheriadou, V.; Nesnas, J. The mental health associations of vitiligo: UK population-based cohort study. BJPsych. Open 2022, 8, e190. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Kussainova, A.; Kassym, L.; Akhmetova, A.; Glushkova, N.; Sabirov, U.; Adilgozhina, S.; Tuleutayeva, R.; Semenova, Y. Vitiligo and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0241445. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Yang, Y.T.; Hsu, C.H.; Wang, Y.F.; Chang, Y.J.; Yang, H.J.; Ko, J.L.; Yang, K.C. Worsening Quality of Life in Young Adult, Highly Educated, and Married Female Patients with Vitiligo: A Hospital-Based Case Control Study in Taiwan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6741. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.