A comprehensive study of predominantly used traditional Sri Lankan naturopathic remedies for Tinea Versicolor and their underlying scientific effects

Abstract

Tinea versicolor, a common superficial fungal infection caused by the genus Malassezia, is prevalent in tropical regions and presents significant cosmetic and psychological challenges due to its characteristic hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules. Although non-contagious and not life-threatening, the condition can greatly impact an individual's quality of life. Traditional remedies, deeply rooted in Sri Lankan culture and linked to Ayurvedic practices, have been used for centuries to manage this skin condition. These remedies often involve natural ingredients such as medicinal plants and minerals, highlighting a cultural preference for naturopathic approaches. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and perception of these conventional remedies among the Sri Lankan public and to evaluate their scientific efficacy.

A mixed-method approach was utilized, combining a quantitative descriptive study with a qualitative analysis of the antifungal properties of traditional ingredients. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 133 individuals, aged 15 to 60 years, who have experienced tinea versicolor, collecting data on their demographic background, medical history, and preferred treatment methods. The majority of respondents favored traditional remedies over allopathic treatments, with Cassia alata and Psidium guajava leaves being the most frequently cited ingredients. Additionally, Alpinia niagra, sulfur, and turmeric were also commonly used. The study further employed a comprehensive literature review spanning from 1980 to 2024, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of these remedies.

The findings suggest that traditional remedies, particularly those involving Cassia alata, Psidium guajava leaves, and Alpinia niagra, exhibit notable antifungal activity against Malassezia species, the causative agents of tinea versicolor. Cassia alata, for instance, contains anthraquinones that have demonstrated significant antifungal effects. Similarly, Psidium guajava leaves and Alpinia niagra have shown promise in inhibiting fungal growth in various studies. Sulfur, often combined with coconut oil, and turmeric were also identified as having antifungal properties, although the scientific backing for their combined use is less robust.

The study concludes that traditional remedies hold significant potential in recovery of Tinea versicolor skin condition, and further scientific researches on their efficacy are required.