Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Leaf Extract: Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy

Abstract

This research presents an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem). Neem leaf extract serves as both a reducing and capping agent, eliminating the need for toxic chemicals. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, which exhibited a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band at 420 nm. The structural and crystalline nature of the AgNPs was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), showing face-centered cubic structure peaks. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the involvement of biomolecules such as polyphenols and terpenoids in reduction and capping. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed stable, spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 15-28 nm. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with a clear zone of inhibition. This green synthesis method highlights the potential of biogenic nanoparticles for medical and environmental applications.

Cite as:

Kalekar S. (2026). Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Azadirachta Indica (Neem) Leaf Extract: Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy. Journal of Advances in Nanotechnology and Its Applications, 8(2), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21838874